NEWSCORE= says which values must replace the original codes when RESCORE= is used. If XWIDE=1 (the standard), use one column per code. If XWIDE=2, use two columns per code. The length of the NEWSCORE= string must match the length of the CODES= string. For examples, see RESCORE=. NEWSCORE= is ignored when KEYn= is specified.
The responses in your data file may not be coded as you desire. The responses to some or all of the items can be rescored or keyed using RESCORE=. RESCORE= and NEWSCORE= are ignored when KEYn= is specified, except as below.
RESCORE=" " or 2 or is omitted
All items are recoded using NEWSCORE=. RESCORE=2 is the standard when NEWSCORE= is specified.
RESCORE= some combination of 1's and 0's
Only items corresponding to 1's are recoded with NEWSCORE= or scored with KEYn=. When KEYn= is specified, NEWSCORE= is ignored.
If some, but not all, items are to be recoded or keyed, assign a character string to RESCORE= in which "1" means "recode (key) the item", and "0" (or blank) means "do not recode (key) the item". The position of the "0" or "1" in the RESCORE= string must match the position of the item-response in the item-string.
Example 0: I want to collapse data, rating scale 1,2,3,4,5 6 to 0 through 3 is 0, 4 through 6 is 1
CODES = 123456
NEWSCORE = 000111 ; the codes align vertically
Example 1: The original codes are "0" and "1". You want to reverse these codes, i.e., 1 0 and 0 1, for all items.
XWIDE=1 one character wide responses (the standard)
CODES =01 valid response codes are 0 and 1 (the standard)
NEWSCORE=10 desired response scoring
RESCORE=2 rescore all items - this line can be omitted
or
NI = 100 100 ITEMS
IREFER=*
1-100 X FOR ALL 100 ITEMS, reference is X
*
Codes = 01 recode 01
IVALUEX = 10 into 10
Example 2: Your data is coded "0" and "1". This is correct for all 10 items except for items 1 and 7 which have the reverse meaning, i.e. 1 0 and 0 1.
NI=10 ten items
CODES =01 the standard, shown here for clarity
(a) old method - which still works:
NEWSCORE=10 revised scoring
RESCORE=1000001000 only for items 1 and 7
(b) new method - recommended:
IVALUE1 =10 revised scoring
IVALUE0 =01 scoring unchanged, so this line can be omitted.
IREFER =1000001000 only for items 1 and 7
If XWIDE=2, use one or two columns per RESCORE= code, e.g., " 1" or "1 " mean recode (key). " 0" or "0 " mean do not recode (key).
Example 3: The original codes are " 0" and " 1". You want to reverse these codes, i.e., 1 0 and 0 1, for items 1 and 7 of a ten item test.
NI =10 ten items
XWIDE =2 two characters wide
CODES = " 0 1" original codes
NEWSCORE=" 1 0" new values
RESCORE =" 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0" rescore items 1 & 7
Example 4: The original codes are "0", "1", and "2". You want 0 0, 1 1, and 2 1 for all items
XWIDE=1 one character wide (standard)
CODES =012 valid codes
NEWSCORE=011 desired scoring
Example 5: The original codes are "0", "1", and "2". You want to make 0 2, 1 1, and 2 0, for even-numbered items in a twenty item test.
NI=20 twenty items
CODES =012 three valid codes
NEWSCORE=210 desired scoring
RESCORE=01010101010101010101 rescore "even" items
Example 6: The original codes are "0", "1", "2", "3" and some others. You want to make all non-specified codes into "0", but to treat codes of "2" as missing.
CODES = 0123 four valid codes
NEWSCORE= 01X3 response code 2 will be ignored
MISSCORE=0 treat all invalid codes as 0
Example 7: The original codes are "0", "1", "2", "3". You want to rescore some items selectively using KEY1= and KEY2= and to leave the others unchanged - their data codes will be their rating values. For items 5 and 6, 0 0, 1 0, 2 1, 3 2; for item 7, 0 0, 1 0, 2 0, 3 1. Responses to other items are already entered correctly as 0, 1, 2, or 3.
CODES =0123 valid codes
RESCORE=0000111000 rescore items 5,6,7
KEY1 =****223*** keyed for selected items
KEY2 =****33X*** the X will be ignored
^ read these columns vertically
